William James his life and philosophy (Wes Cecil) (1:08:58): James’s family upbringing and the development of his thoughtĭoes consciousness exist? By William James (50:26): reading of an essay from James’s Essays in Radical Empiricism, on the problems of thinking about consciousness The metaphysics of panpsychism (Alfred North Whitehead Project) (40:20): collage of clips and quotes from major thinkers on consciousness The secrets of consciousness (IAI TV) (47:16): a debate at HowTheLightGetsIn Festival, Hay-on-Wye, May 2018, with Sue Blackmore, Nicholas Humphrey, and Philip Goff, chaired by Barry Smith and including lots about panpsychism
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Susan Blackmore: The mystery of consciousness (Ratio BG) (58:48): includes material on visual perception and free will, and how looking into our own experience might change our intuitionsĬartesian dualism (Philosophy Tube) (8:27) The hard problem of consciousness: David Chalmers and Sam Harris interview (1:33:07) Nausea ( La nausée), Jean-Paul Sartre (1938) (if you’re reading in translation, go for the one by either Robert Baldick or Lloyd Alexander): part novel, part existentialist tract, told through the diaries of a man who comes to question everything Videos: Clarke and co-written by Clarke and Kubrick, it will make you question human consciousness on a cosmic scale Suggested literature: Stanley Kubrick (1968): based on a short story by Arthur C. Suggested film:Ģ001: A s pace o dyssey, dir. In 1994 David Chalmers coined the phrase ‘the hard problem’ of consciousness, to be distinguished from the ‘easy problems’ tackled by most of psychology. Yet the mind-body problem, or the ‘explanatory gap’, remains. But difficulties with introspection helped pave the way for behaviourism, which rejected all talk of subjective experience.ĭiscussion of consciousness returned to psychology in the late twentieth century, initially concentrating on brain studies but later branching out into embodied cognition. By contrast, European phenomenologists concentrated on methods for putting subjective experience first. In science, nineteenth-century psychophysiologists conducted experiments on sensation, perception, and memory, and William James promoted an empirical psychology based on their findings. Alternatives include materialism, idealism, and neutral monism, as well as epiphenomenalism, supervenience, panpsychism, and theories based on mind as brain in action. Objections to this, and other forms of dualism, are discussed, including Dennett’s mythical Cartesian theatre. In Cartesian dualism (described by René Descartes) mind and matter are separate substances. In philosophy, dualism is the idea that mind and matter are distinct – a common belief in most societies and religions. The problem of consciousness relates to what the world is made of, how it began, the nature of selves, and above all the mind-body problem.
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